The Effect of Sargassum angustifolium Ethanol Extract on Cadmium Chloride-Induced Hypertension in Rat

Document Type : Original paper

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Sargassum angustifolium is a brown alga in southwestern coastline of Persian Gulf. Regarding the presence of various bioactive compounds and evidence of antihypertensive effects in other species of Sargassum, we evaluated the effect of S. angustifolium ethanol extract in CdCl2-induced hypertension in Wistar rats. Methods: Alga extract was prepared by maceration method using 70% ethanol and assessed for total phenolics and salt content. CdCl2 (1.5 mg/kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally to the rats for two weeks. Treatment groups received S. angustifolium extract (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) or nifedipine (10 mg/kg) orally and simultaneously were given CdCl2 for two weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate were measured using tail-cuff method. Total antioxidant capacity, urea, creatinine, electrolytesincluding sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride were estimated in blood samples. The weight and histopathology of kidney tissues were also evaluated. Results: The content of total phenolic as gallic acid equivalent and the salt as NaCl was 67.42 ± 9.5 mg/g and 6.9 g/100 g in dried ethanol extract, respectively. CdCl2 caused significant increase in SBP, kidney/body weight ratio, serum sodium and urea level and decrease in plasma total antioxidant capacity, and also histopathological alterations in kidney tissues. Treatment with S. angustifolium extract at the doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg significantly reversed hypertension and improved kidney weight, urea level and electrolyte changes, and enhanced antioxidant capacity and preventedhistopathological changes of kidney. Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicated antihypertensive and antioxidant effects of S. angustifolium extract against CdCl2-induced hypertension in rats.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet. 2005; 365(9455): 217-223.
[2] Chockalingam A. Impact of world hypertension day. Can J Cardiol. 2007; 23(7): 517-519.
[3] Dhargalkar VK, Neelam P. Seaweed: promising plant of the Millennium. Sci Cult. 2005; 71(3-4): 60-66.
[4] Shams M, Afsharzadeh S, Balali G. Taxonomic study of six Sargassum species (Sargassaceae, Fucales) with compressed primary branches in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea including S. binderi Sonder a new record species for algal flora, Iran. J Sci Islam Repub Iran. 2015; 26(1): 7-16.
[5] Mehdinezhad N, Ghannadi A, Yegdaneh A. Phytochemical and biological evaluation of some Sargassum species from Persian Gulf. Res Pharm Sci. 2016; 11(3): 243-249.
[6] Kim S, Lee W, Bae G, Kim G. Anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Sargassum yezoense in db/db mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012; 424(4): 675-680.
[7] Jin W, Zhang W, Wang J, Yao J, Xie E, Liu D, Duan D, Zhang Q. A study of neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of heteropolysaccharides from six Sargassum species. Int J Biol Macromol. 2014; 67: 336-342.
[8] Moubayed N, Houri H, Khulaifi M, Farraj D. Antimicrobial, antioxidant properties and chemical composition of seaweeds collected from Saudi Arabia (Red Sea and Arabian Gulf). Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017; 24(1): 162-169.
[9] Zandi K, Ahmadzadeh S, Tajbakhsh S, Rastian Z, Yousefi F, Farshadpour F. Anticancer activity of Sargassum oligocystum water extract against human cancer cell lines. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2010; 14(8): 669-673.
[10] Jeong DH, Kim KB, Kim MH, Kanq BK, Ahn DH. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Sargassum micracanthum. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013; 23(12): 1691-1698.
[11] Park BG, Shin WS, Oh S, Park GM, Kim NI, Lee S. A novel antihypertension agent, sargachromenol D from marine brown algae, Sargassum siliquastrum, exerts dual action as an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker and endothelin A/B2 receptor antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem. 2017; 25(17): 4649-4655.
[12] Shin WS, Oh S, An SW, Park GM, Kwon D, Ham J,Lee S, Park BG. 5E- and 5Z-farnesylacetones from Sargassum siliquastrum as novel selective L-type calcium channel blockers. Vascul Pharmacol. 2013; 58(4): 299-306.
[13] Zheng Y, Zhang Y, San S. Efficacy of a novel ACE-inhibitory peptide from Sargassum maclurei in hypertension and reduction of intracellular endothelin-1. Nutrients. 2020; 12(3): 1-14.
[14] Pourmorad F, Hosseinimehr SJ, Shahabimajd N. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants. Afr J Biotech. 2006; 5(11): 1142-1145.
[15] Skoog DA. Fundamentals of analytical chemistry. 8th ed. London: Thomson/Brooks/Cole, 2004.
[16] The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. Off J Eur Communities. 2010; L276: 33-79.
[17] Yadav R, Singh JP, Sahu AK, Sharma G. Effect of aqueous extract of Eclipta alba on cadmium chloride induced hypertension in Wistar albino rats. Asian J Sci Technol. 2017; 8(1): 4213-4216.
[18] Mesripour A, Rabian N, Yegdaneh A. The effect of different partitions of seaweed Sargassum plagyophylum on depression behavior in mice model of despair. J Complement Integr Med. 2019; Article ID 31125315.
[19] Payne AC, Mazzer A, Clarkson GJJ, Taylor G. Antioxidant assays- consistent findings from FRAP and ORAC reveal a negative impact of organic cultivation on antioxidant potential in spinach but not watercress or rocket leaves. Food Sci Nutr. 2013; 1(6): 439-444.
[20] Farvin KHS, Surendraraj A, Al-Ghunaim A, Al-Yamani F. Chemical profile and antioxidant activities of 26 selected species of seaweeds from Kuwait coast. J Appl Phycol.  2019; 31(4): 2653-2668.
[21] Yuan YV, Bone DE, Carrington MF. Antioxidant activity of dulse (Palmaria palmata) extract evaluated in vitro. Food Chem. 2005; 91(3): 485-494.
[22] Fairhead VA, Amsler CD, McClintock JB, Baker BJ. Variation in phlorotannin content within two species of brown macroalgae (Desmarestia anceps and D. menziesii) from the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biol. 2005; 28: 680-686.
[23] Nurjanah N, Abdullah A, Diachanty S. Characteristics of Turbinaria conoides and Padina minor as raw materials for healthy seaweed salt. Pharmacogn J. 2020; 12(3): 624-629.
[24] Cherry P, O’Hara C, Magee PJ, McSorley EM, Allsopp PJ. Risks and benefits of consuming edible seaweeds. Nutr Rev. 2019; 77(5): 307-329.
[25] Sangartit W, Kukongviriyapan U, Donpunha W, Pakdeechote P, Kukongviriyapan V, Surawattanawan P, Greenwald SE. Tetrahydrocurcumin protects against cadmium-induced hypertension, raised arterial stiffness and vascular remodeling in mice. PloS One. 2014; Article ID e114908.
[26] Gökalp O, Ozdem S, Dönmez S, Dogan M, Demirin H, Kara HY, Sütcü R, Cicek E, Ozer MK, Delibas N. Impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in cadmium-hypertensive rats. Toxicol Ind Health. 2009; 25(7): 447-453.
[27] Shrivastava P, Choudhary R, Nirmalkar U, Singh A, Shree J, Vishwakarma PK, Bodakhe SH. Magnesium taurate attenuates progression of hypertension and cardiotoxicity against cadmium chloride-induced hypertensive albino rats. J Tradit Complement Med. 2019; 9(2): 119-123.
[28] Park BG, Shin WS, Um Y, Cho S, Park GM, Yeon DS, Kwon SC, Ham J, Choi BW, Lee S. Selective vasodilatation effect of sargahydroquinoic acid, an active constituent of Sargassum micracanthum, on the basilar arteries of rabbits. Bioorganic Med Chem Lett. 2008; 18(8): 2624-2627.
[29] Dzobo K, Naik YS. Effect of selenium on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and esterase activity in rat organs. S Afr J Sci. 2013; 109(5-6): 1-8.
[30] Yadav R, Singh JP, Sahu AK, Sharma G. Effect of aqueous extract of Eclipta alba on cadmium chloride induced hypertension in wistar albino rats. Asian J Sci Technol. 2017; 8(1): 4213-4216.
[31] Liu Q, Zhang R, Wang X, Shen X, Wang P, Sun N, Li X, Li X, Hai C. Effects of sub-chronic, low-dose cadmium exposure on kidney damage and potential mechanisms. Ann Transl Med. 2019; 7(8):1-11.
[32] Hira K, Sultana V, Ara J, Ehteshamul-Haque S. Protective role of Sargassum species in liver and kidney dysfunctions and associated disorders in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2017; 30(3): 721-728.
Babakhani LA, Rezaei M, Rezaei K, Seyfabadi SJ. Optimization of extraction of antioxidant compounds in microwave-assisted extracts of brown algae Sargassum angustifolium. J Fish. 2013; 65(3): 243-255.
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy
Volume 8, Issue 1
January 2021
Pages 81-89

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics