In Vitro Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Geum Species from Iran

Document Type : Original paper

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Medicinal plants have been considered as important sources of potent free radical scavengers as well as digestive enzymes inhibitors. Several plants are used in traditional and modern medicine for their biological properties such as anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activities of roots and aerial parts from three of five native Iranian herbaceaous Geum species, including G. iranicum, G. kokanicum and G. urbanum. The Geum species and their bio-active substances are getting a lot of attention due to their various biological effects, such as anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor and anti-microbial activities. Methods: The anti-diabetic activity of the Geum species was evaluated via α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays. The anti-oxidant effect was analyzed using the free radical scavenging method and the total phenolics content was determined via a colorimetric assay. Results: Based on our study, all the examined species revealed moderate to high anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant effects. Geum kokanicum roots showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibition activity (91.0%±1.7) at the concentration of 500 µg/mL and DPPH radical scavenging potential (IC50: 11.6±0.5 μg/mL). Conclusion: The results demonstrated in-vitro anti-diabetic property of G. kokanicum, so detailed investigation to isolate the active compounds is suggested.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects


  • Marín-Peñalver JJ, Martín-Timón I, Sevillano-Collantes C, Cañizo-Gómez FJ. Update on the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes. 2016; 7(17): 354–395.
  • Jain S, Saraf S. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, its global prevalence and therapeutic strategies. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2010; 4(1): 48–56.
  • Word Health Organization: Diabetes overview [Accessed 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes.
  • Toeller M. α‐Glucosidase inhibitors in diabetes: efficacy in NIDDM subjects. Eur J Clin Investig. 1994; 24(S3): 31–35.
  • Ross SA, Gulve EA, Wang M. Chemistry and biochemistry of type 2 diabetes. Chem Rev. 2004; 104(3): 1255–1282.
  • Hollander P. Safety profile of acarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Drugs. 1992; 44(3): 47–53.
  • Bischoff H. The mechanism of alpha-glucosidase inhibition in the management of diabetes. Clin Investig Med. 1995; 18(4): 303–311.
  • Asgarpanah J, Motamed SM, Farzaneh A, Ghanizadeh B, Tomraee S. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of Astragalus squarrosus Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(82): 19176–19180.
  • Carocho M, Ferreira IC. A review on antioxidants, pro oxidants and related controversy: natural and synthetic compounds, screening and analysis methodologies and future perspectives. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013; 51: 15–25.
  • Lin D, Xiao M, Zhao J, Li Z, Xing B, Li X, Kong M, Li L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen H. An overview of plant phenolic compounds and their importance in human nutrition and management of type 2 diabetes. Molecules. 2016; 21(10): 1–19.
  • Mozaffarian V. A dictionary of Iranian plant names. Tehran: Farhang-e- Moaser, 2003.
  • Khatamsaz K. Flora of Iran. No. 6: Rosaceae. Karaj: Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, 1992.
  • Faghir MB, Armudian MM, Shahi SR. Micro-macro morphology of the genus Geum (Rosaceae) in Iran and their taxonomic significance. Iran J Bot. 2015; 21(2): 103–117.
  • Menković N, Šavikin K, Tasić S, Zdunić G, Stešević D, Milosavljević S, Vincek D. Ethnobotanical study on traditional uses of wild medicinal plants in Prokletije Mountains (Montenegro). J Ethnopharmacol. 2011; 133(1): 97–107
  • Granica S, Kłębowska A, Kosiński M, Piwowarski JP, Dudek MK, Kaźmierski S, Kiss AK. Effects of Geum urbanum root extracts and its constituents on polymorphonuclear leucocytes functions. significance in periodontal diseases. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016; 188: 1–12.
  • Abotorabi H. The ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plant distributed in the northern part of Iran in the Roeen and Esfarayen regions. Pharm.D. thesis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 2002.
  • Vogl S, Picker P, Mihaly-Bison J, Fakhrudin N, Atanasov AG, Heiss EH, Wawrosch C, Reznicek G, Dirsch VM, Saukel J, Kopp B. Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine-an unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013; 149(3): 750–771.
  • Li M, Yu CM, Cheng L, Wang M, Gu X, Lee KH, Wang T, Sung YT, Sanderson JE. Repair of infarcted myocardium by an extract of Geum japonicum with dual effects on angiogenesis and myogenesis. Clin Chem. 2006; 52(8): 1460–1468.
  • Panizzi L, Catalano S, Miarelli C, Cioni P, Campeol E. In vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts and isolated constituents of Geum rivale. Phytother Res. 2000; 14(7): 561–563.
  • Kurokawa M, Hozumi T, Basnet P, Nakano M, Kadota S, Namba T, Kawana T, Shiraki K. Purification and characterization of eugeniin as an anti-herpesvirus compound from Geum japonicum and Syzygium aromaticum. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998; 284(2): 728–735.
  • Khorramizadeh MR, Shahverdi AR, Saadat F, Monsef-Esfahani HR. Inhibitory effect of Geum kokanicum roots on matrix metalloproteinases expression. Pharm Biol. 2006; 44(4): 266–270.
  • Russo A, Cardile V, Lombardo L, Vanella L, Vanella A, Garbarino JA. Antioxidant activity and antiproliferative action of methanolic extract of Geum quellyon sweet roots in human tumor cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 100(3): 323–332.
  • Cheng XR, Jin HZ, Qin JJ, Fu JJ, Zhang WD. Chemical constituents of plants from the genus Geum. Chem Biodivers. 2011; 8(2): 203–222.
  • da Silva Pinto M, de Carvalho JE, Lajolo FM, Genovese MI, Shetty K. Evaluation of antiproliferative, anti-type 2 diabetes, and antihypertension potentials of ellagitannins from strawberries (Fragaria× ananassa ) using in vitro models. J Med Food. 2010; 13(5): 1027–1035.

[25] Tomczyk M, Latté KP. Potentilla- a review of its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 122(2): 184–204.

  • Wichtl M. Herbal drugs and phytopharmaceuticals. 3rd Stuttgart: Medpharm, 2004.
  • Kuenzle J. Herbs and weeds. A practical booklet on Medicinal herbs. Ticino: ‎Krauterpfarrer Kunzle AG, 1967.
  • Madic V, Jovanovic J, Stojilkovic A, Vasiljevic P. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of ‘anti-diabetic’ herbal preparation and five medicinal plants: an Allium cepa Biol Nyssana. 2017; 8(2): 151–158.
  • Duke J. Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2nd Florida: CRC Press LLC, 2002.
  • Owczarek AL, Gudej J, Olszewska MA. Antioxidant activity of Geum rivale and Geum urbanum L. Acta Pol Pharm. 2015; 72(6): 1239–1244.
  • Dimitrova L, Zaharieva MM, Popova M, Kostadinova N, Tsvetkova I, Bankova V, Najdenski H. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of the medicinal plant Geum urbanum Chem Cent J. 2017; 11(1): 1–11.
  • Paun G, Neagu E, Albu C, Radu GL. Inhibitory potential of some Romanian medicinal plants against enzymes linked to neurodegenerative diseases and their antioxidant activity. Pharmacogn Mag. 2015; 11(1): 110–116.
  • Kim JB, Kim JB, Cho KJ, König GM, Wright AD. Antioxidant activity of 3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde isolated from Geum japonicum. J Food Drug Anal. 2006; 14(2): 190–193.
  • Saeedi M, Raeisi-Nafchi M, Sobhani S, Mirfazli SS, Zardkanlou M, Mojtabavi S, Faramarzi MA, Akbarzadeh T. Synthesis of 4-alkylaminoimidazo [1,2-a] pyridines linked to carbamate moiety as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. Mol Divers. 2020; 25(4): 2399–
  • Ardeshirlarijani E, Namazi N, Jalili RB, Saeedi M, Imanparast S, Adhami HR, Faramarzi MA, Ayati MH, Mahdavi M, Larijani B. Potential anti-obesity effects of some medicinal herb: in vitro α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory activity. Int Biol Biomed J. 2019; 5(2): 1–8
  • Wickramaratne MN, Punchihewa JC, Wickramaratne DB. In-vitro alpha amylase inhibitory activity of the leaf extracts of Adenanthera pavonina. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016; 16(1): 1–5.
  • Velioglu YS, Mazza G, Gao L, Oomah BD. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits, vegetables and grain products. J Agric Food Chem. 1998; 46(10): 4113– 4117.
  • Sarikurkcu C. Antioxidant activities of solvent extracts from endemic Cyclamen mirabile Hildebr tubers and leaves. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011; 10(13): 831–839.
  • Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Kustrin E, Gegechkori V, Morton DW. Bioassay-guided identification of α-amylase inhibitors in herbal extracts. J Chromatogr A. 2020; Article ID 460970.
  • Ali Asgar MD. Anti-diabetic potential of phenolic compounds: a review. Int J Food Prop. 2013; 16(1): 91–103.
  • Schmitt M, Magid AA, Nuzillard JM, Hubert J, Etique N, Duca L, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L. Investigation of antioxidant and elastase inhibitory activities of Geum urbanum aerial parts, chemical characterization of extracts guided by chemical and biological assays. Nat Prod Commun. 2020; 15(3): 1–9.
  • Oszmianski J, Wojdylo A, Lamer-Zarawska E, Swiader K. Antioxidant tannins from Rosaceae plant roots. Food Chem. 2007; 100(2): 579–583.
  • Yuan T, Ding Y, Wan C, Li L, Xu J, Liu K, Slitt A, Ferreira D, Khan IA, Seeram NP. Antidiabetic ellagitannins from pomegranate flowers: inhibition of α-glucosidase and lipogenic gene expression. Org Lett. 2012; 14(20): 5358–5361.
  • Nakagawa T, Yokozawa T. Direct scavenging of nitric oxide and superoxide by green tea. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002; 40(12): 1745–1750.
  • de Melo EB, da Silveira Gomes A, Carvalho I. α-and β-Glucosidase inhibitors: chemical structure and biological activity. Tetrahedron. 2006; 62(44): 10277–10302.
  • Oyedemi SO, Oyedemi BO, Ijeh II, Ohanyerem PE, Coopoosamy RM, Aiyegoro OA. Alpha-amylase inhibition and antioxidative capacity of some antidiabetic plants used by the traditional healers in Southeastern Nigeria. Sci World J. 2017; Article ID 3592491.