- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Anti-Anxiety Effect of Salvia hypoleuca1410469410.22127/rjp.2020.216084.1550ENHamid Reza Monsef EsfhahaniDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8999-2250Keyvan AmirshahrokhiDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.Hoda Babaei BoroujeniDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAhmadreza DehpourDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Mansour Miran*Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0002-3156-9123Journal Article20200120<strong> <span class="s16"><span class="bumpedFont20">Background and objectives:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong> </strong>Anxiety is a chronic and common disorder worldwide and impairs the quality of life of affected people. Herbal medicines have long been used to treat CNS related disorders. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Salvia</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> species are important medicinal plants that have shown various pharmacologic activities including CNS effects. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Salvia </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> is an annual and herbaceous plant which is endemic to Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of the hydro-alcoholic, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">S. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> in mice. </span></span><strong><span class="s16"><span class="bumpedFont20">Methods:</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span></strong><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">n</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">hydroalcholic</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> extracts were prepared from aerial parts of </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Salvia</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">. Anxiolytic activity of the extracts was evaluated using open field and hole-board tests. The mice were randomly divided into different groups and were treated with normal saline, diazepam, and the extracts of </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">S</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> (500 mg/kg, </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">ip</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">). </span></span><strong><span class="s16"><span class="bumpedFont20">Results: </span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">The results of open field and hole-board tests showed that treatment of mice with the hydro-alcoholic and methanol extracts of </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">S</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">(500 mg/kg, </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">ip</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">) produced a significant anxiolytic effect as compared to the normal control group. </span></span><span class="s16"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">This study demonstrated that the hydro-alcoholic and methanol extracts of aerial parts of </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">S. </span></span><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">hypoleuca</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> have anti-anxiety activity. The isolation and identification of the active compounds of the effective extracts are suggested.</span></span>- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401A Validated HPLC Method for Quantitation of Rosmarinic Acid in a Polyherbal Syrup51110022010.22127/rjp.2019.205478.1527ENSara ZakerinTraditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-0265-7631Homa HajimehdipoorTraditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-2739-3399Seyed Alireza Mortazavi*Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-5733-7921Rasool ChoopaniDepartment of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Shirin FahimiTraditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-2443-7621Masoumeh SabetkasaeiDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Fatemeh TavakolifarTraditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20191016Herbal medicines play a significant role in global healthcare systems. In this investigation, “Monzej soda” syrup was prepared by decocting a mixture containing Lavandula angustifolia, Melissa officinalis, Echium amoenum, Cordia myxa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ziziphus jujuba, Foeniculum vulgare, Fumaria parviflora, Adiantum capillus-veneris and Alhagi spp. Manna. along with glycerin, sodium benzoate and potacium sorbate. Physicochemical characteristics of the syrup were examined. Moreover, an HPLC technique was designed for analysis of rosmarinic acid in the syrup using C18 column, isocratic H3PO4 0.085% as the mobile phase, flow rate of 1 ml/min in λmax 330 nm. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD and LOQ. The herbal syrup was brown color with special taste and flavor. Density, pH, viscosity, dry residue, total phenolics, rosmarinic acid content were found 1.085 g/ml, 5.56, 5.35 cP, 15.22±0.43 %, 194 mg/100ml and 47.5 mg/100 ml, respectively. The syrup was stable during laboratory stability tests. The HPLC method was valid according to selectivity, linearity (72-110 µg/ml, r2: 0.9995), intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD%˂2), accuracy (103.38-106.47%), LOD 1.6 µg/ml and LOQ 4.9 µg/ml. The syrup is a good candidate for pharmaceutical companies after pharmacological and clinical tests.- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401The Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Effect of Tanacetum polycephalum in the Pentylenetetrazole Kindled Rats132010390010.22127/rjp.2020.211810.1541ENVahid AziziDepartment of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-6131-0318Farzin AllahyariDepartment of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranFarnoosh RezaaliDepartment of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranAbdolkarim Hosseini*Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-1424-7843Journal Article20191214Background and objective: Epilepsy one the most prevalent neurological illness which affects behavioral statuses like anxiety, depression and balance. Based on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Tanacetum polycephalum, its effect on anxiety and depression caused by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindling in rats was investigated. Methods : In order to prepare the required extract, aerial part of the Tanacetum was powdered (100 g) and macerated in 1 L of ethanol (80%) for 24 h. Twenty-four rats were randomly assigned to four groups: PTZ (sub-threshold dose 35 mg/kg for one month, intraperitoneal (i.p)), PTZ + phenobarbital (30 mg/kg, i.p), PTZ + Tanacetum extract (300 mg/kg, i.p), and PTZ + Tanacetum extract (600 mg/kg, i.p). Elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swim test (FST) and rotarod test were employed to assess the anxiety parameters, antidepressant and balance potential, respectively. Results: Tanacetum extract administered at the doses of 300, and 600 mg/kg, exert antidepressant-like activity in the FST test and reduced the immobility time. In the EPM test, Tanacetum extract at the same doses produced anxiolytic-like effects. Also, the rats which received Tanacetum extract showed a significant improvement in the rotarod test in contrast to the PTZ group. Conclusion: The finding from current study showed that Tanacetum could ameliorate neurobehavioral parameters of anxiety and depression in the PTZ-kindled rats.- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Ferula aucheri Essential Oil213110238910.22127/rjp.2020.210354.1537ENSheyda Ahmadi KoulaeiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-2145-0935Abbas HadjiakhoondiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-9172-3543Mohammad Reza DelnavaziDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.https://orcid.org/00Zahra TofighiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8909-6595Yousef AjaniResearch Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran.http://orcid.org/000Fatemeh KiashiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-5363-3560Narguess Yasa*Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-2455-0053Journal Article20191205<strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Antibiotics resistance and unpleasant side effects of AChE inhibitors have led to an increased interest in herbs as potential sources. <em>Ferula aucheri</em> (Syn: <em>Dorema aucheri</em>) an indigenous species of <em>Ferula</em> (Apiaceae) grows in Iran and is used as food and medicinal plant. The present study was aimed to identify the oil composition and evaluate antimicrobial and AChE inhibitory activity of flowering tops, fruits and roots. <strong>Methods:</strong> The chemical composition of the oils was recognized by GC and GC‐MS. The antimicrobial effects were assessed on 12 microorganisms by disc diffusion and micro-well dilution methods and AChE inhibitory potentials by a modified version of Ellman's method. <strong>Results:</strong> Sixty five compounds were identified from different organs and the notable characteristics have been high amounts of sesquiterpenes. Germacrene B (14.96%) and β-caryophyllene (12.87%) were distinguished as major components of flowering tops. Cis-dihydroagarofuran (9.02%) and δ-cadinene (8.28%) were identified as the remarkable constituents of fruit. δ-cadinene (18.25%) and gurjunene (12.62%) were detected from the roots by high content. All volatile oils exhibited lower MICs on <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em>, <em>Shigella dysenteriae</em>,and <em>Salmonella paratyphi</em>-A serotype compared with gentamicin. Root and fruit oils were more effective than gentamicin against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and flowering tops oils proved lower MICs versus <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Fruits and root oils showed weak potency for inhibiting AChE with IC<sub>50 </sub>values 554.05±4.65 and 239.69±3.5 μg/mL, respectively and flowering tops exhibited moderate activity (179.06±4.3 μg/mL). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The findings demonstrated that <em>F. aucheri</em> essential oils possessed antimicrobial activities with inhibition properties toward AchE.- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Assessment of Saffron Neuroprotective Properties in Rat Retina versus Light Damage334210413410.22127/rjp.2020.219620.1555ENNayebali AhmadiProteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-2243-8276Mohammadreza RazzaghiLaser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Maryam Hamzeloo-MoghadamTraditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7183-9856Mohammad Rostami-NejadGastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-2495-1831Majid Rezaei-TaviraniFiroozabadi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-6031-7278Mohammad Hossein HeidariProteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-1391-2258Saeed SafariProteomics Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani*Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1767-7475Journal Article20200212<span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong>Background and objectives:</strong> </span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">Crocus sativus</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> L. (Iridaceae) commonly known as saffron, is a popular spice which is used for its pleasant aroma and favored color. Regarding the previous reports about the neuroprotective behavior of saffron or its constituents, in the present work, the neuroprotective property of saffron in rat retina was investigated against light damage in a system biology study. </span></span><strong><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">Methods:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong> </strong>Retina gene profiles of 4 groups (each group including 3 samples) </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">o</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">f rats (control; C light damage; L, Saffron; S, and saffron-light damage; SL) which are included in GSE22818 were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from C-L groups analysis which are not included in S-SL comparison were screened by pathway analysis to find the critical protected genes against light damage by saffron. </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong>Results:</strong> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Numbers of 46 gene were protected by saffron versus light damage significantly. The findings revealed that Casp3, Myd88, Birc3, Tnfrsf1a, </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Myc</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">, Nfkb2, Fgf2 were the important protected genes by saffron against light damage. “MAPK signaling pathway” and “apoptosis” were highlighted as important related pathways for 46 DEGs. </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Saffron protects a part of light damage which is controlled mostly by Casp3, Myd88, Birc3, Tnfrsf1a, </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Myc</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">, Nfkb2, Fgf2. It seems other parts of damage should be studied in more details to find a complete prospective of molecular mechanism of light damage effect on retina. </span></span>- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401The Role of Allium saralicum Extract on Prevention of Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Failure: an Experimental Study435110348810.22127/rjp.2020.207706.1533ENMahdi AlvandiMedicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.0000-0001-6779-6099Dara DastanMedicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Sara Soleimani AslAnatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.0000-0003-1518-3308Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi*Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.0000-0002-7838-9090Journal Article20191201<strong>Background and objectives:</strong> Acetaminophen (APAP) is a common analgesic medicine whose overdose leads to severe hepatic dysfunction. Due to the known antioxidant properties of <em>Allium</em>species, the present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of <em>Allium</em><em> saralicum </em>plant on APAP induced liver toxicity.<strong> Methods:</strong> The hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>A.</em><em> saralicum </em>was prepared by maceration and ultrasonic methods. Forty-two rats in seven groups were treated by gavage as follows: groups 1 and 2 received normal saline, groups 3 received 400 mg/kg of <em>A.</em><em> saralicum </em>hydro-alcoholic extract, and the groups 4-7 were treated with 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of <em>A.</em><em> saralicum </em>extract, respectively. After two consecutive weeks, the therapeutic groups, as well as the positive control (APAP) group, were administered a single dose of APAP (2 g/kg). After 48 hours, the animals were anesthetized, and blood and liver samples were collected for histological and biochemical examinations.<strong>Results:</strong> Our findings indicated that APAP caused a significant rise in ALT (p<0.001), AST (p<0.001), ALP (p<0.001) and LDH (p<0.001) serum levels, total and direct bilirubin (p<0.001), hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO; p<0.001) and nitric oxide (NO; p<0.001). In addition, APAP let to the decreasing of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC; p< 0.001), total thiol molecules (TTM; p<0.001), and structural changes in the hepatic tissue. Following administration of<em>A.</em><em> saralicum </em>extract, a remarkable improvement was observed in the functional and oxidative stress indices of liver tissue alongside histopathologic alterations.<strong> Conclusion:</strong> Our results showed that <em>A.</em><em> saralicum </em>extractsignificantly improved APAP-induced hepatic failure through inhibition of oxidative/nitrosative stress.- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401In Vitro Anti-adenovirus Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Leaves536010431410.22127/rjp.2020.208324.1534ENAli KarimiCellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.0000-0003-1554-3668Mohammad-Taghi Moradi*Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.0000-0002-3103-3740Asghar GafourianStudent Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran.Journal Article20191124<br /><strong><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Background and objectives</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong>:</strong> Human adenoviruses cause a wide range of diseases, from self-limiting and mild infections to some life-threatening infections. Many studies have shown that components derived from medicinal plants have antiviral activity. </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">Pistacia</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> genus is rich in phenolic compounds and has antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant potential and antiviral effects of ethanol and crude extracts and different fractions of </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">Pistacia</span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">atlantica</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Desf</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">. leaves on adenovirus. </span></span><strong><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Methods:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong> </strong>Crude</span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"> P</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">.</span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">atlantica</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> leaf extract was prepared by maceration with 80% ethanol. Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were prepared using liquid-liquid extraction method. Toxicity on HEp-2 cells and anti-adenoviral activity of the extract/fractions were evaluated by MTT colorimetric methods. The concentration that caused 50% viral inhibition (IC</span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">50</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">) and 50 % cytotoxicity concentration (CC</span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">50</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">) were evaluated using regression analysis. Selectivity index (SI), as a marker of antiviral activity, was calculated. To determine antioxidant activity the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used. </span></span><strong><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Results:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong> </strong>Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity with IC</span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">50</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">of 1.54±0.12 </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">μg</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">/mL in DPPH scavenging assay. Based on our results, IC</span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">50</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> of </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">P. </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">atlantica</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> crude extract on adenovirus was 15.72 </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">μg</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">/mL, with SI of 8.09; n-butanol fraction showed the highest anti-adenoviral activity among the fractions with IC</span></span><span class="s19"><span class="bumpedFont20">50</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">of 16.38 µg/mL and SI of 26.5. </span></span><strong><span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont20">Conclusion:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> The ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction of </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">P. </span></span><span class="s18"><span class="bumpedFont20">atlantica</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> leaves showed inhibitory effects on adenovirus and could be a new promising anti-adenovirus agent.</span></span>- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Potential of Trachyspermum ammi (ajwain) Gel for Treatment of Facial Acne vulgaris: a Pilot Study with Skin Biophysical Profile Assessment and Red Fluorescence Photography616910470110.22127/rjp.2020.104701ENZiba TalebiInternational Campus, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-4526-3384Gholamreza Kord AfshariDepartment of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-9052-9626Saman Ahmad NasrollahiCenter for Research & Training in Skin Diseases & Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7384-6686Alireza FiroozCenter for Research & Training in Skin Diseases & Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-7274-4840Maedeh GhovvatiInternational Campus, School Of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9371-0508Aniseh SamadiCenter for Research & Training in Skin Diseases & Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-0134-429XMehrdad KarimiDepartment of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-5395-819XSima KolahdoozDepartment of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.https://orcid.org/0Mahdi Vazirian*Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Medicinal Plants Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-8386-2225Journal Article20190729<strong><span class="s20"><span class="bumpedFont20">Background and objectives: </span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic conditions</span></span><span class="s21"><span class="bumpedFont20">.</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> The available anti-acne treatments are not satisfactory and safe. In this regard, searching for new treatments, especially natural materials </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">with reasonable side effects and satisfactory effectiveness</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">, could be promising. The aim of the present study was to explore the safety and efficacy of a topical formulation containing </span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">Trachyspermum ammi</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> (ajwain)</span></span><span class="s20"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">fruits essential oil in patients with facial acne. </span></span><strong><span class="s20"><span class="bumpedFont20">Methods:</span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"><strong> </strong>The essential oil of the fruits </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">was</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> extracted by hydrodistillation method and formulated as a 1% gel</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">.</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> </span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">In this open-labeled, uncontrolled clinical trial, 20 patients with mild to moderate acne received topical ajwain gel twice daily for 8 weeks. The outcomes of acne lesion count, red fluorescence parameters and biophysical skin profiles were evaluated at baseline, 4</span></span><span class="s23"><span class="bumpedFont20">th</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> and 8</span></span><span class="s23"><span class="bumpedFont20">th</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20"> weeks. Any adverse reaction was recorded during the study. </span></span><strong><span class="s20"><span class="bumpedFont20">Results: </span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">All patients completed the study. Two months after treatment, the mean reduction in the total (8.2±3.36; </span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">P</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0.000) and non-inflammatory (7.3±4.53; </span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">p</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0.000) lesions was statistically significant. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the size and quantity of red fluorescence spots was also observed. Biophysical skin profile measurements revealed a significant reduction in erythema (</span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">p</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0.033) and sebum (</span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">p</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0.026) and a significant increase in pH (</span></span><span class="s22"><span class="bumpedFont20">p</span></span><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0.005). No serious adverse events were reported. </span></span><strong><span class="s20"><span class="bumpedFont20">Conclusion: </span></span></strong><span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">The results of this pilot study provided a basis for the effectiveness of topical ajwain gel for the treatment of mild to moderate facial acne. Conducting further double blind clinical trials are necessary to confirm the efficacy and safety of the product.</span></span><br /> <span> </span>- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Persian Asafoetida vs. Sagapenum: Challenges and Opportunities71809739310.22127/rjp.2019.196452.1516ENAlireza BarzegarDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.0000-0003-4696-0720Mohammad Amin SalimDepartment of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Parmis BadrPharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Phytopharmaceutical Technology and Traditional Medicine Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.0000-0001-9136-6785Ahmadreza KhosraviDepartment of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.Shiva HemmatiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Hassan SeradjDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.Mehrdad IranshahiDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh*Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.0000-0002-4873-1449Journal Article20190731Asafoetida and sagapenum as valuable Iranian oleo-gum-resins from <em>Ferula </em>spp. (<em>F. assa-foetida</em>, <em>F. persica</em>, <em>F. foetida</em> and <em>F. alliacea</em>) have received interest during the history for producing valuable perfumes and common spices or as pharmaceutical agents. The aim of the present work was to characterize sources of asafoetida and sagapenum, according to botanical aspects, traditional and conventional medicine and phytochemical data. Available publications have been gathered from databases up to May 2019, and common Persian literatures were reviewed. We showed that sources for asafoetida and sagapenum should be differentiated botanically according to basal leaves, size of rays, fruits and petals. Furthermore, despite similarities, volatile sulfur components in <em>F. assa-foetida</em> are disulphides, in <em>F. persica</em> tri/tetra/pentasulphides, and in <em>F. alliacea</em> trisulphides. In the case of coumarins, conferol, conferone, farnesiferol A and B, samarcandin and samarcandin acetate are so far reported from <em>F. assa-foetida</em> and <em>F. persica</em>, and asacoumarin A from <em>F. assa-foetida</em> and <em>F. foetida</em> samples; while, persicaosides A-D have been reported only from<em> F. persica</em>. Moreover, farnesiferol C as the major coumarin in <em>F. assa-foetida</em> and mogoltavidin in <em>F. persica</em> would be new pharmacopeia markers. However, coumarins and essential oils similarities and differences among <em>Ferula</em> species should be more studied in a comparative research. Such studies would be essential for determining reliable sources and minimum requirements for standardizations of worldwide valuable wild growing medicinal and economical plants.- The Iranian Society of Pharmacognosy
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesResearch Journal of Pharmacognosy2345-44587220200401Internal Septum of Walnut Kernel: a Neglected Functional Food819210150710.22127/rjp.2020.203451.1522ENZahra GhiravaniDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.0000-0002-5717-4445Mohammadmehdi Hassanzadeh-TaheriCellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.Mahsa Hassanzadeh-TaheriStudent Research Committee, Medical Student, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.Mehran HosseiniCellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.0000-0002-6793-2035Journal Article20190929Walnut (<em>Juglans regia </em>L.) is a well-known member of the Juglandaceae family and its kernel is widely consumed around the world for both unique nutritional characteristics and health-related benefits. Even though several studies investigated the composition and biological activities of different parts of the walnut tree, the internal septum of the walnut kernel is less evaluated. In the last two decades, some studies investigated phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of the walnut septum. Their results showed a wide range of biological properties along with safety of walnut septum constituents convincing us to shift our view to walnut septum as a useless by-product to a natural herbal material with valuable properties. The purpose of this review was to summarize the currently available investigations on chemical composition and biological activities of the walnut septum. Several phytochemical studies showed that the walnut septum is a rich source of secondary metabolites like polyphenols are which estimated to be responsible for its high antioxidant property. Further experimental studies confirmed many biological activities of this by-product such as radical scavenging, food preservative, antibacterial, antitumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepatorenal protective properties.