ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phytochemistry and Bioactivity of Nepeta racemosa Lam.
Background and objectives: The genus Nepeta is used in traditional medicine for the antiseptic and astringent properties in cutaneous eruptions and snake bites. Nepeta racemosa was investigated here due to the rich source of phytochemical compounds in the Nepeta genus and the lack of any phytochemical studies. Methods: The aerial parts were extracted successively using n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol (MeOH) by maceration method, respectively. The MeOH extract was exposed to C18 Sep-Pak fractionation by a step gradient of MeOH-H2O. Further purification of the fractions by preparative reversed-phase HPLC yielded three compounds. The chemical ingredients of essential oil were determined by GC-MS. Free-radical scavenging activity of the extracts, fractions, as well as their total flavonoid and phenolics contents, were assessed using the DPPH method, AlCl3, and Folin-Ciocalteu reagents, respectively. Results: Phytochemical study of 20% and 40% solid phase extraction fractions of MeOH extract yielded one iridoid (8,9-epi-7-deoxy-loganic acid) and two phenylethanoids (forsythoside B and verbascoside), correspondingly. The 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (31.70 %), germacrene D (7.39 %), n-hexadecanoic acid (6.47 %), were the main compounds of essentials oil. The MeOH extract demonstrated high activity in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolics content along with total flavonoids content (0.09 ± 0.01 mg/mL, 1581.80 ± 10.28 mg/100g and 33.01 ± 0.02 mg/100g) as well as 40% SPE fraction (0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL, 659.20 ± 40.32 mg/100g and 22.5 ± 0.37 mg/100g), respectively. Conclusion: The presence of phenylethanoid derivatives as phenolic compounds appears to be an important antioxidant compound in Nepeta racemosa.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_134774_d49600772fc21a00d2195a9489928c52.pdf
2021-10-01
1
8
10.22127/rjp.2021.272832.1678
antimalarial
Antioxidant
Essential oil
GC-MS analysis
Nepeta racemosa
Fariba
Heshmati Afshar
heshmatif@tbzmed.ac.ir
1
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abbas
Delazar
delazara1@gmail.com
2
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Yahya
Rahimpour
yahia.rahimpour613@gmail.com
3
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Niloufar
Moharrer Navaei
moharrer.navaei@yahoo.com
4
Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Solmaz
Asnaashari
asnaasharisolmaz@gmail.com
5
Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Parina
Asgharian*
parina.asgharian@gmail.com
6
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
İşcan G, Köse YB, Demirci B, Can Başer KH. Anticandidal activity of the essential oil of Nepeta transcaucasica Chem Biodivers. 2011; 8(11): 2144–2148.
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33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Harmine Has Nephroprotective Effect Against Methotrexate-Induced Injury in Mice via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress
Background and objectives: Despite clinical use, the efficacy of methotrexate is often limited by some adverse effects, mainly nephrotoxicity. The most common mechanism of methotrexate-induced kidney damages is oxidative stress. Harmine as a plant-derived compound has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of harmine, against methotrexate -induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: The mice were divided into six groups: control (saline only); 20 mg/kg methotrexate; 20 mg/kg harmine, and 20 mg/kg methotrexate + harmine at three doses of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg. Administrations were intraperitoneally and the treatment period was a 14-days. After this time, the sera and kidneys were collected from each group for the following analyses. Samples were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, qRT-PCR, and biochemical assays. Results: The mice that received methotrexate showed significant increase in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, and 10, or 20 mg/kg harmine mitigated these results. The number and diameter of glomeruli were improved by harmine in methotrexate -treated groups. Moreover, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels showed significant increase in the kidney of the mice that received methotrexate, while total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase were diminished. Harmine treatment suppressed oxidative stress markers and also enhanced antioxidant defense parameters. Harmine inhibited methotrexate-induced oxidative stress as shown by the decreased expression of Nqo1, Ho-1, Trx1 and Nrf2 at mRNA level. Harmine also ameliorated histological alterations induced by methotrexate. Conclusion: Our results suggested that harmine has the potential to protect against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_134773_e85014419f9007348a017dc9b4282bb1.pdf
2021-10-01
9
19
10.22127/rjp.2021.272797.1676
Harmine
methotrexate
oxidative stress
Toxicity
Cyrus
Jalili
cjalili@kums.ac.ir
1
Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sara
Darakhshan
darakhshan.sara@gmail.com
2
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nasim
Akhshi
nasimakhshi12@gmail.com
3
Department of Anatomy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Abdolmaleki
aligharak@yahoo.com
4
Student Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abdolnasir
Abdi
5
Student Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
AUTHOR
Ali
Ghanbari*
aghanbari@kums.ac.ir
6
Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Awdishu L, Mehta RL. The 6R’s of drug induced nephrotoxicity. BMC Nephrol. 2017; 18(1): 1–2.
1
Jalili C, Ghanbari A, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR. Toxic effects of methotrexate on rat kidney recovered by crocin as a consequence of antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation prevention. Iran Biomed J. 2020; 24(1): 39–46.
2
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5
Li Z, Chen L, He C, Han Y, Han M, Zhang Y, Qi L, Xing X, Huang W, Gao Z, Xing Improving anti-tumor outcomes for colorectal cancer therapy through in situ thermosensitive gel loading harmine. Am J Transl Res. 2020; 12(5): 1658–1671.
6
Widemann BC, Adamson PC. Understanding and managing methotrexate nephrotoxicity. Oncologist. 2006; 11(6): 694–703.
7
Abd El-Twab SM, Hozayen WG, Hussein OE, Mahmoud AM. 18 β-Glycyrrhetinic acid protects against methotrexate-induced kidney injury by up-regulating the Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 pathway and endogenous antioxidants. Ren Fail. 2016; 38(9): 1516–1527.
8
Mahmoud AM, Hussein OE, Abd El-Twab SM, Hozayen WG. Ferulic acid protects against methotrexate nephrotoxicity via activation of Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling and PPARγ, and suppression of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. Food Func. 2019; 10(8): 4593–4607.
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11
Perazella MA. Crystal-induced acute renal failure. Am J Med. 1999; 106(4): 459–465.
12
Abraham P, Kolli VK, Rabi S. Melatonin attenuates methotrexate‐induced oxidative stress and renal damage in rats. Cell Biochem Funct. 2010; 28(5): 426–433.
13
Chainy GB, Sahoo DK. Hormones and oxidative stress: an overview. Free Radic Res. 2020; 54(1): 1–26.
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15
Abdel-Raheem IT, Khedr NF. Renoprotective effects of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, against methotrexate-induced kidney damage in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2014; 387(4): 341–353.
16
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Morsy MA, Ibrahim SA, Amin EF, Kamel MY, Rifaai RA, Hassan MK. Curcumin ameliorates methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2013; Article ID 387071.
18
Olayinka E, Ore A, Adeyemo O, Ola O. Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rat. J Xenobiot. 2016; 6(1): 14–18.
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20
Shalaby YM, Menze ET, Azab SS, Awad AS. Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling and NF-κB inflammatory response in the potential protective effects of vincamine against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: cross talk between nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Arch Toxicol. 2019; 93(5): 1417–1431.
21
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22
Wu LW, Zhang JK, Rao M, Zhang ZY, Zhu HJ, Zhang C. Harmine suppresses the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and sensitizes pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine treatment. Onco Targets Ther. 2019; 12: 4585–
23
Salahshoor MR, Roshankhah S, Motavalian V, Jalili C. Effect of harmine on nicotine-induced kidney dysfunction in male mice. Int J Prev Med. 2019; 10(1): 1–7.
24
Niu X, Yao Q, Li W, Zang L, Li W, Zhao J, Liu F, Zhi Harmine mitigates LPS-induced acute kidney injury through inhibition of the TLR4-NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signalling pathway in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019; 849: 160–169.
25
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30
Mahmoud AM, Germoush MO, Al-Anazi KM, Mahmoud AH, Farah MA, Allam AA. Commiphora molmol protects against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity by up-regulating Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018; 106: 499–509.
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47
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50
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52
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Chemical Composition, Cytotoxicity and Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants of Ethiopian Flora Against Anisakis L3 Larvae
Background and objectives: Uvaria scheffleri Diels (Annonaceae), Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. (Rutaceae), and Vepris dainelli (Pichi-Serm.) Kokwaro (Rutaceae) are medicinal plants traditionally used in Ethiopia against pathogenic infections. In the present study, the chemical composition, larvicidal activity, and cytotoxic effect of essential oils were investigated. Methods: Hydrodistillation technique was used to extract essential oils. In vitro larvicidal activity against Anisakis L3 larvae was tested in marinated solutions. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity. Results: The yields (v/w) of essential oils obtained from U. scheffleri roots, Z. chalybeum, and V. dainelli fruits were 0.5, 2.7, and 2.0 %, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of essential oils revealed a total of 58, 18, and 20 chemical constituents, representing 97.6, 99.6, and 98.8 % of the oil contents, respectively. Tricyclo [5.3.0.0(3, 9)] decane was identified to be the principal constituent in the essential oils of Z. chalybeum (82.8%) and V. dainelli (69.8%), reported herein for the first time. Essential oils of Z. chalybeum, U. scheffleri, and V. dainelli displayed a dose-dependent larvicidal activity with LT100 values of 3 h, 5 h, and 5 h for 5% concentrations, respectively. The cytotoxicity study of essential oils on VERO cells showed moderate toxicity with IC50 values of 65.46 µg/mL, 83.88 µg/mL, and 96.82 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained revealed that the studied essential oils could serve as larvicidal agents in treating human anisakidosis. The observed weak cytotoxicity at low concentrations points out the possibility of developing effective and safe botanical larvicides.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_134854_f38a37f90c960c0bbcfa88bb7a8311b8.pdf
2021-10-01
21
30
10.22127/rjp.2021.291618.1719
Anisakis
Essential oils
Larvicidal activity
marinade solutions
Cytotoxicity
Mathewos
Alemu*
mathewosanza@gmail.com
1
Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Milkyas
Endale
milkyasendale@yahoo.com
2
Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia.
AUTHOR
Luz
Cardona
luz.cardona@uv.es
3
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Diego
Cortes
diego.m.cortes@uv.es
4
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Nuria
Cabedo
nuria.cabedo@uv.es
5
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Maria
Trelis
maria.trelis@uv.es
6
Parasites and Health Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Marius
V. Fuentes
mario.v.fuentes@uv.es
7
Parasites and Health Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Belen
Abarca
belen.abarca@uv.es
8
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
AUTHOR
Chai J, Murrell KD, Lymbery AJ. Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses: status and issues. Int J Parasitol. 2005; 35(11-12): 1233–1254.
1
Lymbery A, Cheah F. Anisakid nematodes and anisakiasis. In: Murrell KD, Fried B, Eds. World class parasites, food-borne parasitic zoonoses. Boston: Springer, 2007.
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Aibinu IE, Smooker PM, Lopata AL. Anisakis nematodes in fish and shellfish- from infection to allergies. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2019; 9(2): 384–393.
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Mattiucci S, Cipriani P, Paoletti M, Levsen A, Nascetti G. Reviewing biodiversity and epidemiological aspects of anisakid nematodes from the north-east Atlantic Ocean. J Helminthol. 2017; 91(4): 422–439.
4
Romero MC, Navarro MC, Martin-Sanchez J, Valero A. Peppermint (Mentha piperita) and albendazole against anisakiasis in an animal model. Trop Med Int Health. 2014; 19(12): 1430–1436.
5
Giarratana F, Giuffrida A, Gallo F, Ziino G, Panebianco A. Study of the resistance variability of Anisakis larvae to some technological stressors. In: Pugliese A, Gaitiand A, Boiti C, Eds. Veterinary Science. Berlin: Springer, 2012.
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Hierro I, Valero A, Navarro MC. In vivo larvicidal activity of monoterpenic derivatives from aromatic plants against L3 larvae of Anisakis simplexl. Phytomedicine. 2006; 13(7): 527–531.
7
Giarratana F, Muscolino D, Beninati C, Giuffrida A, Panebianco A. Activity of Thymus vulgaris essential oil against Anisakis larvae. Exp Parasitol. 2014; 142(1): 7–10.
8
Hierro I, Valero A, Pérez P, González P, Cabo MM, Montilla MP, Navarro MC. Action of different monoterpenic compounds against Anisakis simplex l. L3 larvae. Phytomedicine. 2004; 11(1): 77–82.
9
Giarratana F, Muscolino D, Ziino G, Giuffrida A, Marotta SM, Presti VL, Chiofalo V, Panebianco A. Activity of catmint (Nepeta cataria) essential oil against Anisakis larvae. Trop Biomed. 2011; 34(1): 22–31.
10
Meshesha BW, Tsegay BA, Telake BB. Survey on composition of perennial vegetation in Sesa Mariam Monastery, Northwestern Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2015; 8: 1–8.
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Regassa R. Assessment of indigenous knowledge of medicinal plant practice and mode of service delivery in Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia. J Med Plant Res. 2013; 7(9): 517–535.
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Engeu OP, Ralph T, Moses A, Gerosome M, Kyeyune GN, Badru G, Paul W. Repeat-dose effects of Zanthoxylum chalybeum root bark extract: a traditional medicinal plant used for various diseases in Uganda. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2008; 2(6): 101–105.
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Molla TT, Babu GN. Variation in chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of leaves of knob wood, Zanthoxylum chalybeum collected from three different places of eastern Ethiopia. Orient J Chem. 2020; 36(3): 513–523.
14
Wijaya CH, Napitupulu FI, Karnady V, Indariani S. A review of the bioactivity and flavor properties of the exotic spice “andaliman” (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC). Food Rev Int. 2019; 35(1): 1–19.
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Moshi M, Joseph C, Innocent E, Nkunya M. In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts and compounds from Uvaria scheffleri. Pharm Biol. 2004; 42(4-5): 269–273.
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Kuma M, Shibru S. Floristic composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status of Kimphe lafa natural forest. J Bot. 2015; 5(1): 19–32.
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Wanzala W, Syombua SM, Alwala JO. A survey of the applications and use of ethnomedicinal plants and plant products for healthcare from the Ukambani region in Eastern Kenya. Indian J EthnoPythoPharmaceut. 2016; 2(2): 6–58.
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Dereje D, Desalegn D. Abundance and use of Vepris dainellii (Pichi-Serm.) Kokwaro, an Ethiopian endemic plant, in Melokoza woreda, Southern Ethiopia. Ethiop J Educ Sci. 2013; 8(2): 1–
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Giarratana F, Muscolino D, Ziino G, Giuffrida A, Marotta SM, Presti VL, Chiofalo V, Panebianco A. Activity of tagetes Minuta linnaeus (Asteraceae) essential oil against L3 Anisakis larvae type I. Asian Pac J Trop. 2017; 10(5): 461–465.
22
Kavitha N, Chen Y, Kanwar JR, Sasidharan S. In situ morphological assessment of apoptosis induced by Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) fruit ethyl acetate fraction (PMEAF) in MDA-MB-231 cells by microscopy observation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017; 87: 609–620.
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Döll-Boscardin PM, Sartoratto A, De Noronha SM, Padilha BHL, De Paula J, Nakashima T, Farago PV, Kanunfre CC. In vitro cytotoxic potential of essential oils of Eucalyptus benthamii and its related terpenes on tumor cell lines. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med. 2012; Article ID 342652.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization and Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of Traditional Wallflower Oil
Background and objective: Wallflower oil is made from the flowers of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz which is a herb rich in cardenolide compounds. Wallflower oil was traditionally indicated for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hair tonic, and wound healing purposes. In this paper, wallflower oil was prepared based on the method cited in Persian medicine resources. Methods: To prepare the oil, 250 g dried flower was soaked in 5000 g distilled water for 20 h. Then, it was boiled for 2 h till half of the water volume evaporated. The obtained decoction was filtered and boiled in 2500 g sesame oil until all the aqueous part evaporated. The quality control tests were performed. Results: Acid, peroxide, iodine, and saponification values were determined as 0.72±0.02 (oleic acid%), 7.16±0.10 (meq/kg oil), 104.73±0.71 (g of I2/100 g oil), and 242.85±0.29 (mg KOH/g oil), respectively. HPTLC analysis revealed the presence of cardenolide compounds in wallflower oil, decoction, maceration, and flower samples. GC-FID results recognized linoleic acid (42.91%), oleic acid (41.22%), and palmitic acid (9.76%) as major fatty acids of wallflower oil. In addition, GC-MS study identified 11 volatile compounds among which, thymol (28.13%), carvacrol (21.63%), and dodecane (11.50%) were recognized as the main components. Conclusion: Thymol and carvacrol could be used for evaluation and determination of wallflower oil. On the other hand, presence of cardenolides in wallflower oil and consequent probable cardiac actions should be considered during clinical administrations. This paper recommends further in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of wallflower oil.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_133451_01aedc6dc09576a810051cfc74278aaf.pdf
2021-10-01
31
36
10.22127/rjp.2021.276014.1684
cardenolides
Erysimum cheiri
Quality Control
traditional pharmacy
wallflower oil
Ghazaleh
Mosleh
moslehgh@sums.ac.ir
1
Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amir
Azadi
aazadi@sums.ac.ir
2
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Abdolali
Mohagheghzadeh*
abdolalimohagheghzadeh@gmail.com
3
Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Jahandideh M, Hajimehdipoor H, Mortazavi SA, Dehpour A, Hassanzadeh G. A wound healing formulation based on Iranian traditional medicine and its HPTLC fingerprint. Iran J Pharm Res. 2016; 15(S): 149–157.
1
Ghafari S, Tavakoli Z, Shirooyeh P, Nabi Meybodi R, Behmanesh E, Mokaberinejad R, Tansaz M, Fahimi S. The herbal medicine proposed by Iranian traditional medicine (Persian medicine) for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a review. Trad Integr Med. 2018; 3(1): 30–42.
2
Mosleh G, Badr P, Azadi A, Abolhassanzadeh Z, Hosseini SV, Mohagheghzadeh A. Wallflower (Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz) from past to future. Res J Pharmacogn. 2019; 6(2): 85–95.
3
Weston EL, Pyke KA. Developmental ultrastructure of cells and plastids in the petals of wallflower (Erysimum cheiri). Ann Bot. 1999; 84(6): 763–769.
4
Züst T, Strickler SR, Powell AF, Mabry ME, An H, Mirzaei M, York T, Holland CK, Kumar Independent evolution of ancestral and novel defenses in a genus of toxic plants (Erysimum, Brassicaceae). Elife. 2020; 7(9): 1–42.
5
Mosleh G, Azadi A, Khademian S, Heidari R, Mohagheghzadeh A. Anti-inflammatory activity and quality control of Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz. Bio Med Res Int. 2021; Article ID 5526644.
6
Mosleh G, Hosseini SV, Azadi A, Bahrami F, Ghahramani L, Badr P, Zaeri M, Abolhassanzadeh Z, Mohagheghzadeh Erysimum cheiri and Rosa × damascena cerate vs. diltiazem 2% gel in the treatment of acute anal fissure: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Eur J Integr Med. 2020; Article ID 101230.
7
Mosleh G, Badr P, Abolhassanzadeh Z, Hosseini SV, Mohagheghzadeh A, Azadi A. Potential effects and mechanisms of action of topical wallflower (Erysimum cheiri (L.) Cranz) administration in anal fissure. Res J Pharmacogn. 2019; 6(1): 63–69.
8
Mosleh G, Badr P. Qairooti (cerate or cera beeswax salve) in medieval Persia. Pharm Hist (Lond). 2016; 46(4): 72–74.
9
Naieni Heravi SMS. Amale saleh. Trans. Mohagheghzadeh A, Badr P, Shams Ardakani MR. Tehran: Chogan Publications, 2013.
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12
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14
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Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream: Allured Publishing Co, 2007.
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Hamedi A, Zarshenas MM, Sohrabpour M, Zargaran A. Herbal medicinal oils in traditional Persian medicine. Pharm Biol. 2013; 51(9): 1208–1218.
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Hamedi A, Sakhteman A, Ahmadi F, Sohrabpour M, Zarshenas MM. Authentication and quality control of some polyherbal oils used in Persian traditional medicine (PTM). Res J Pharmacogn. 2017; 4(1): 9–22.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
In silico Study of Some Natural Anthraquinones on Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition
Background and objectives: Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is a proteolytic enzyme playing an important role in the activation of the MMP cascade, which seems to be vital in both bone metabolism and homeostasis. However, the up-regulation of MMP-13 is involved in developing several human disorders such as aggressive tumors, tooth decay, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, skin ageing, and Alzheimer's disease. We performed a molecular docking analysis to discover the potential MMP-13 inhibitors in a total of 21 anthraquinone derivatives. Methods: The binding affinity of the tested compounds to the MMP-13 catalytic site was estimated by the Autodock 4.0 software. Moreover, the stability of the docked pose of the top-ranked compounds were examined using molecular dynamics simulations. Results: Pulmatin, sennidin A, emodin-8-glucoside, emodin, rhodoptilometrin, chrysophanol, knipholone, sennidin B, aloe emodin 8-glucoside, and aloe-emodin demonstrated considerable binding affinity to the MMP-13 active site. However, the molecular dynamics simulations showed that the docked poses of sennidin A and sennidin B were not considerably stable. Conclusion: The present study suggested that pulmatin, emodin-8-glucoside, emodin, rhodoptilometrin, chrysophanol, knipholone, aloe emodin 8-glucoside, and aloe-emodin may be considered as drug candidates for therapeutic applications in many human diseases. However, the validation of this finding is needed in the future.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_135900_2443166e7219a261f7d8c529936ea219.pdf
2021-10-01
37
51
10.22127/rjp.2021.288366.1705
Anthraquinones
cancer
matrix metalloproteinase-13
MMP inhibitor
Molecular docking
Amir
Taherkhani
amir.007.taherkhani@gmail.com
1
Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Shirin
Moradkhani
shirin.moradkhani@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Product Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Athena
Orangi
athenaorangi@gmail.com
3
Dental Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
AUTHOR
Alireza
Jalalvand
alirezajalalvand21@gmail.com
4
Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Zahra
Khamverdi*
dr.zahra.khamverdi@gmail.com
5
Dental Research Center, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
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Trybus W, Król T. The potential antitumor effect of chrysophanol in relation to cervical cancer cells. J Cell Biochem. 2021; 122(6): 639–652.
84
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plants Used as Antidote for Snakebite and as Snake Repellent in the Ejisu-Juabeng District of Ghana
Background and objectives: Anecdotal evidence shows that plant remedies used by rural folks to repel snakes and those used during snake envenomation are sometimes effective and offer an appreciable survival rate among victims of snake bites. This study focused on documenting plants that repel snakes from homesteads and those administered as interventions during snake bites among indigenes of Ejisu-Juabeng District, Ghana. Method: Personal interviews with indigenes was carried out. Information about the plants including scientific names, families, local names, growth habit, the used part, method of preparation and administration were recorded. Herbarium vouchers were used to identifying the plants at species level. The frequency of citation (FC) and relative frequency of citation index (RFC) for each species was determined. Results: Twenty-three medicinal plants were documented; 17 plants belonging to 15 genera from 13 families were reported to be used as antidote for snakebite poisoning while ten species belonging to nine genera from nine families were reported as snake repellents. Plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae were the most predominant (12.5%). The anti-venin plants mostly mentioned were herbs (48%) and trees (39%). Leaves (58.8%) and roots (29.4%) were frequently used in antivenin formulations and were mostly applied topically (78.5%) as poultices or orally (21.4%) as infusions/decoctions. For snake repelling plants the strong odour from plants was mostly responsible for the repellent effect. The most commonly named plants were Nicotiana tobacum (Relative frequency of citation=0.26), Allium sativum (RFC=0.14), Rauwolfia serpentine (RFC=0.18) and Allium cepa (RFC=0.18). Conclusion: This study has revealed the importance of herbal medicine used in the prevention and treatment of snakebites among indigenes of Ejisu-Juabeng District.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_136481_3cd0a95763a0b7b7df110f07a8f11688.pdf
2021-10-01
53
62
10.22127/rjp.2021.293888.1731
Antivenom
Ejisu-Juabeng
Ethnomedicine
Ghana
repellent
Evelyn
Asante-Kwatia*
emireku@yahoo.com
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abraham
Mensah
aymensah@yahoo.com
2
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
AUTHOR
Eunice
Fobie
eadomakowahfobie@gmail.com
3
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
AUTHOR
Chippaux JP. Snakebite envenomation turns again into a neglected tropical disease! J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2017; 23(1): 1–2.
1
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2
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3
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4
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Warrell DA. Snake bite. 2010; 375(9708): 77–88.
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44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Induction of Apoptosis in HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells Treated with Aqueous and Supercritical Fluid Extracts of Quercus infectoria
Background and objectives: The anticancer properties of extracts from Quercus infectoria galls have been demonstrated in a range of cancer cells, including human cervical cancer cells. This study aimed to elucidate the cell death mechanisms of Q. infectoria aqueous and supercritical fluid extracts on cervical cancer cells, HeLa. Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay, whereas apoptosis induction was assessed using acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. Flow cytometry was used to analyse phosphatidylserine externalization, cell cycle distribution, and caspase activity. Meanwhile, anti-Bax, anti-Bcl-2, and anti-p53 antibody were used to examine the expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. Results: MTT assay revealed the cytotoxic effects of the aqueous and supercritical fluid extracts on HeLa cells with IC50 values of 12.33±0.35 µg/mL and 14.33±0.67 µg/mL respectively. Acridine orange/propidium iodide analysis revealed morphological changes with apoptotic features in the treated cells. Cell population increase in sub G0 phase showed induction of apoptosis in the treated HeLa cells. Moreover, the activation of caspases in the treated cells revealed the execution of apoptosis. In addition, the expression of p53 and Bax proteins in the treated cells were observed whereas there was no difference in the expression of Bcl-2 in the treated cells compared to untreated control cells. Conclusion: Both aqueous and supercritical fluid extracts inhibited the growth of HeLa cells through induction of cell apoptosis by activation of caspases-8 and caspase-9.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_136814_022a558fd78a43c304d800e8dc09242e.pdf
2021-10-01
63
77
10.22127/rjp.2021.291004.1725
caspase
Cytotoxicity
Quercus infectoria extract
supercritical fluid extract
Hasmah
Abdullah*
hasmahab@usm.my
1
Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ilyana
Ismail
illyana@unisza.edu.my
2
Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Rapeah
Suppian
rapeahs@usm.my
3
Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
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International agency for research on cancer Cervical Cancer. Global cancer observatory. [accessed on February 2021]. https://gco.iarc.fr/
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World Health Organization. Cervical cancer. [accesses on March 2021]. Available frome: https://www.who.int/health-topics/cervical-cancer#tab=tab_1.
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Naseri MH, Mahdavi M, Davoodi J, Tackallou SH, Goudarzvand M, Neishabouri SH. Up regulation of Bax and down regulation of Bcl2 during 3-NC mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int. 2015; 15: 1–
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Degterev A, Boyce M, Yuan J. A decade of caspases. Oncogene. 2003; 22(53): 8543–8567.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cytotoxic Properties, Anthocyanin and Furanocoumarin Content of Red-Pigments Obtained from Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels Flowers
Background and objectives: There is growing interest in introducing safe and bioactive natural red pigments to the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This study was designed to determine the phytochemical content and potential cytotoxicity of red pigment from Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels (syn. Melaleuca citrina (Curtis) Dum.Cours.) flowers. Methods: The flowers’ anthocyanin rich pigment was extracted with ethanol (70%, v/v) containing 0.5% formic acid. This extract was fractionated by a three-step process through a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge with water, ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively. The anthocyanin and coumarin content of the red pigment was identified based on a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS). The MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of red pigment evaluated on normal human foreskin fibroblasts as well as two malignant cell lines: human breast cancer (MCF-7) and human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080) at 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: The anthocyanin compounds in the red pigment fraction were cyanidin (1), cyanidin 3,5-O-diglucoside (2), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (3), and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-8-ethyl-catechin (4). Flowers’ pigment also contained two furanocoumarins, including 8-(but-2-en-2-yl)-8,9-dihydro-2H-furo[2,3-h] chromen-2-one (or 15-methyl angenomallin, (5)) and 9-methyl-7H-furo[3,2-g] chromen-7-one (or 8-methylpsoralen, (6)). According to the MTT assays, the highest cytotoxic effect was observed on human foreskin fibroblasts with an IC50 values of <12.5 (µg/ mL, 24 h) and 85.2 (µg/ mL, 48 h). Conclusion: It might be assumed that application of the red pigment of C. citrinus in topical formulations and cosmetics should be done with caution due to the observed cytotoxicity on dermal fibroblasts.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_136824_99fa8b8332bf50703f3cb09a82316849.pdf
2021-10-01
79
90
10.22127/rjp.2021.295529.1746
Anthocyanin
Heterocyclic compounds
Cytotoxicity
Fibroblasts
biological pigments
Ardalan
Pasdaran
pasdaran@sums.ac.ir
1
Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Negar
Azarpira
negarazarpira@gmail.com
2
Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nastaran
Yaghoobi Solut
yaghoobi@sums.ac.ir
3
Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maryam
Zare
zaremaryam93@yahoo.com
4
Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Azar
Hamedi
azar.hamedi.9884@gmail.com
5
Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Nazila
Karami
nazilakarami1997@gmail.com
6
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Azadeh
Hamedi*
hamediaz@sums.ac.ir
7
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leong HY, Show PL, Lim MH, Ooi CW, Ling TC. Natural red pigments from plants and their health benefits: a review. Food Rev Int. 2018; 34(5): 463–482.
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51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Gut Healing Natural Resource’s Role in Management of Celiac Disease, a Brief Review
Celiac disease, also known as gluten intolerance, is an autoimmune digestive disorder in genetically susceptible individuals. Currently, a totally gluten free diet is considered as the only treatment for celiac disease, which means cutting out foods containing gluten protein from the diet completely. Strict adherence to this regimen can be challenging as several processed foods contain hidden gluten, added as flavor enhancer or texture modifier. In addition, the high cost and unavailability of gluten-free foods have led to patient's dissatisfaction. Moreover, there are celiac disease patients who have persistent symptoms despite dietary compliance. Emerging research have focused on discovering alternative non-dietary treatments for this disorder. There are herbal medicines and other natural resources with anti-inflammatory activity and valuable therapeutic effects in preventing or treating inflammatory diseases. As these are effective and affordable, several studies have focused on treating different diseases using these agents. However, there are few studies evaluating the effects and potential role of naturally derived compounds in celiac disease treatment. In this review, we gathered current information in this regard; hoping our article can serve as catalysts for researchers to pay more attention to natural therapies for celiac disease.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_136611_86c771e1adaad2de5d3ff6df8e9b8e0e.pdf
2021-10-01
91
100
10.22127/rjp.2021.295436.1745
Carotenoids
celiac disease
Dietary supplements
echinacea
polyphenols
Nastaran
Asri
nastaran.asri26@gmail.com
1
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Rezaei-Tavirani
tavirany@yahoo.com
2
Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Rostami-Nejad*
m.rostamii@gmail.com
3
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Somayeh
Jahani-Sherafat
jahani_somayeh@yahoo.com
4
Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Somayeh
Esmaeili
sesmaeili@sbmu.ac.ir
5
Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center and Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mahmood
Khodadoost
khodadost.m@gmail.com
6
Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Sciurti M, Fornaroli F, Gaiani F, Bonaguri C, Leandro G, Di Mario F, Luigi De' Angelis G. Genetic susceptibility and celiac disease: what role do HLA haplotypes play? Acta Biomed. 2018; 89(9-S): 17–21.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Aromatherapy with Lavender Essential Oil in Patients with Surgery-Related Anxiety: a Systematic Review
Today, complementary and alternative treatment strategies, including massage therapy, and aromatherapy, are extensively applied to reduce and manage anxiety in the patients with various diseases. Aromatherapy as one of the main therapeutic strategies has gained significant attention in most countries compared to other complementary treatments for surgery-related anxiety treatment. Here, we decided to conduct a systematic review and report the results about the effects of aromatherapy with lavender (Lavandula angustifolia L.) in patients undergoing various types of surgery. Five English databases including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to find published clinical papers related to the effects of aromatherapy with lavender in patients undergoing various types of surgery without time limitation. All searches were based on the 06- PRISMA guideline and registered in the CAMARADES-NC3Rs Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Facility (SyRF) database. Out of 3974 papers, 20 papers from the year 2000 up to April 2021, met the inclusion criteria for discussion in this systematic review with the data extracted. The most studies were carried out on the effect of aromatherapy with lavender on the anxiety of patients with coronary artery bypass surgery (8 papers, 40%). Based on the results of the articles reviewed, it can be suggested that aromatherapy management particularly with lavender, has the potential to be used as a complementary therapy to reduce anxiety and stress in patients undergoing various types of surgery. However, more studies are required to confirm the accurate mechanisms and side effects of the complementary treatment.
https://www.rjpharmacognosy.ir/article_136868_bc2e0d78ab1a4ec4b1b2907f1bb343e9.pdf
2021-10-01
101
111
10.22127/rjp.2021.293248.1730
anxiety
aromatherapy
Essential oil
Inhalation
Lavandula angustifolia
Surgery
Nasrollah
Moradifar
nasrolmorad9990@gmail.com
1
Cardiovascular Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Morteza
Amraei
mortzamraii8880@gmail.com
2
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Kimia
Karami
kimiakaram60@gmail.com
3
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Kalantari Shahijan
mohammadkalanshah@gmail.com
4
Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
AUTHOR
Arash
Amin
ariamn60@gmail.com
5
Cardiovascular Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sedigheh
Nadri
dr.s.nadr99@gmail.com
6
Depertmant of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
AUTHOR
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