p. 1−7
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
p. 9−22
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
0.05). Complications were observed in 54.2% of participants in oral group. Conclusions: This study showed that ginger in both oral and topical forms showed similar positive effects on decreasing the severity and duration of pain in primary dysmenorrhea; however, the topical ginger oil was a better choice because it showed no complications.]]>
p. 23−32
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
1000 μg/mL). Proscillaridin A was only detected in the methanol extract and no significant antibacterial effect was detected in methanol extract. Conclusion: According to results of the present study, processing squill with vinegar according to traditional experiences can reduce possible the side effects of bufadienolids.]]>
p. 33−39
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
p. 41−50
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
p. 51−58
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
0.05). The ethanol and aqueous extracts LD50 were 355 mg/kg and 540 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: The plant inhibited opioid withdrawal with efficacy comparable to morphine. The alkaloids may be involved in the effect. The ethanol and aqueous extracts are moderately and slightly orally toxic, respectively.]]>
p. 59−66
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1
p. 67−73
2345-5977
Vol.4/No.1